Sync fastapi docs from b5ca1324 on 2025-12-07

docs_src/security/tutorial001.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+@app.get("/items/")
+async def read_items(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
+    return {"token": token}

docs_src/security/tutorial001_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+@app.get("/items/")
+async def read_items(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    return {"token": token}

docs_src/security/tutorial001_an_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+@app.get("/items/")
+async def read_items(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    return {"token": token}

docs_src/security/tutorial002.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+from typing import Union
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    return User(
+        username=token + "fakedecoded", email="john@example.com", full_name="John Doe"
+    )
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    return user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial002_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+from typing import Union
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    return User(
+        username=token + "fakedecoded", email="john@example.com", full_name="John Doe"
+    )
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    return user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial002_an_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: str | None = None
+    full_name: str | None = None
+    disabled: bool | None = None
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    return User(
+        username=token + "fakedecoded", email="john@example.com", full_name="John Doe"
+    )
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    return user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial002_an_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+from typing import Annotated, Union
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    return User(
+        username=token + "fakedecoded", email="john@example.com", full_name="John Doe"
+    )
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    return user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial002_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: str | None = None
+    full_name: str | None = None
+    disabled: bool | None = None
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    return User(
+        username=token + "fakedecoded", email="john@example.com", full_name="John Doe"
+    )
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    return user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial003.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+from typing import Union
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Wonderson",
+        "email": "alice@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret2",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def fake_hash_password(password: str):
+    return "fakehashed" + password
+
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    # This doesn't provide any security at all
+    # Check the next version
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, token)
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Not authenticated",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login(form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends()):
+    user_dict = fake_users_db.get(form_data.username)
+    if not user_dict:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    user = UserInDB(**user_dict)
+    hashed_password = fake_hash_password(form_data.password)
+    if not hashed_password == user.hashed_password:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+
+    return {"access_token": user.username, "token_type": "bearer"}
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial003_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+from typing import Union
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Wonderson",
+        "email": "alice@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret2",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def fake_hash_password(password: str):
+    return "fakehashed" + password
+
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    # This doesn't provide any security at all
+    # Check the next version
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, token)
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Not authenticated",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)],
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login(form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()]):
+    user_dict = fake_users_db.get(form_data.username)
+    if not user_dict:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    user = UserInDB(**user_dict)
+    hashed_password = fake_hash_password(form_data.password)
+    if not hashed_password == user.hashed_password:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+
+    return {"access_token": user.username, "token_type": "bearer"}
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial003_an_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Wonderson",
+        "email": "alice@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret2",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def fake_hash_password(password: str):
+    return "fakehashed" + password
+
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: str | None = None
+    full_name: str | None = None
+    disabled: bool | None = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    # This doesn't provide any security at all
+    # Check the next version
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, token)
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Not authenticated",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)],
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login(form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()]):
+    user_dict = fake_users_db.get(form_data.username)
+    if not user_dict:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    user = UserInDB(**user_dict)
+    hashed_password = fake_hash_password(form_data.password)
+    if not hashed_password == user.hashed_password:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+
+    return {"access_token": user.username, "token_type": "bearer"}
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial003_an_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from typing import Annotated, Union
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Wonderson",
+        "email": "alice@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret2",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def fake_hash_password(password: str):
+    return "fakehashed" + password
+
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    # This doesn't provide any security at all
+    # Check the next version
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, token)
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Not authenticated",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)],
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login(form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()]):
+    user_dict = fake_users_db.get(form_data.username)
+    if not user_dict:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    user = UserInDB(**user_dict)
+    hashed_password = fake_hash_password(form_data.password)
+    if not hashed_password == user.hashed_password:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+
+    return {"access_token": user.username, "token_type": "bearer"}
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial003_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Wonderson",
+        "email": "alice@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "fakehashedsecret2",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def fake_hash_password(password: str):
+    return "fakehashed" + password
+
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: str | None = None
+    full_name: str | None = None
+    disabled: bool | None = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def fake_decode_token(token):
+    # This doesn't provide any security at all
+    # Check the next version
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, token)
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
+    user = fake_decode_token(token)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Not authenticated",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login(form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends()):
+    user_dict = fake_users_db.get(form_data.username)
+    if not user_dict:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    user = UserInDB(**user_dict)
+    hashed_password = fake_hash_password(form_data.password)
+    if not hashed_password == user.hashed_password:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+
+    return {"access_token": user.username, "token_type": "bearer"}
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
+    return current_user

docs_src/security/tutorial004.py

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import Union
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    }
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: Union[str, None] = None
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Union[timedelta, None] = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        token_data = TokenData(username=username)
+    except InvalidTokenError:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends(),
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username}, expires_delta=access_token_expires
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]

docs_src/security/tutorial004_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import Union
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    }
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: Union[str, None] = None
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Union[timedelta, None] = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        token_data = TokenData(username=username)
+    except InvalidTokenError:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)],
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()],
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username}, expires_delta=access_token_expires
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]

docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import Annotated
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    }
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: str | None = None
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: str | None = None
+    full_name: str | None = None
+    disabled: bool | None = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: timedelta | None = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        token_data = TokenData(username=username)
+    except InvalidTokenError:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)],
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()],
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username}, expires_delta=access_token_expires
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]

docs_src/security/tutorial004_an_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import Annotated, Union
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    }
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: Union[str, None] = None
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Union[timedelta, None] = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        token_data = TokenData(username=username)
+    except InvalidTokenError:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)],
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()],
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username}, expires_delta=access_token_expires
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]

docs_src/security/tutorial004_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    }
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: str | None = None
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: str | None = None
+    full_name: str | None = None
+    disabled: bool | None = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="token")
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: timedelta | None = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        token_data = TokenData(username=username)
+    except InvalidTokenError:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends(),
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
+        )
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username}, expires_delta=access_token_expires
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]

docs_src/security/tutorial005.py

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import List, Union
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Security, status
+from fastapi.security import (
+    OAuth2PasswordBearer,
+    OAuth2PasswordRequestForm,
+    SecurityScopes,
+)
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Chains",
+        "email": "alicechains@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$g2/AV1zwopqUntPKJavBFw$BwpRGDCyUHLvHICnwijyX8ROGoiUPwNKZ7915MeYfCE",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: Union[str, None] = None
+    scopes: List[str] = []
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
+    tokenUrl="token",
+    scopes={"me": "Read information about the current user.", "items": "Read items."},
+)
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Union[timedelta, None] = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(
+    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)
+):
+    if security_scopes.scopes:
+        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
+    else:
+        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username: str = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        scope: str = payload.get("scope", "")
+        token_scopes = scope.split(" ")
+        token_data = TokenData(scopes=token_scopes, username=username)
+    except (InvalidTokenError, ValidationError):
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    for scope in security_scopes.scopes:
+        if scope not in token_data.scopes:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Not enough permissions",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+            )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: User = Security(get_current_user, scopes=["me"]),
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends(),
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username, "scope": " ".join(form_data.scopes)},
+        expires_delta=access_token_expires,
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(
+    current_user: User = Security(get_current_active_user, scopes=["items"]),
+):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]
+
+
+@app.get("/status/")
+async def read_system_status(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    return {"status": "ok"}

docs_src/security/tutorial005_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import List, Union
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Security, status
+from fastapi.security import (
+    OAuth2PasswordBearer,
+    OAuth2PasswordRequestForm,
+    SecurityScopes,
+)
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Chains",
+        "email": "alicechains@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$g2/AV1zwopqUntPKJavBFw$BwpRGDCyUHLvHICnwijyX8ROGoiUPwNKZ7915MeYfCE",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: Union[str, None] = None
+    scopes: List[str] = []
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
+    tokenUrl="token",
+    scopes={"me": "Read information about the current user.", "items": "Read items."},
+)
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Union[timedelta, None] = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(
+    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]
+):
+    if security_scopes.scopes:
+        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
+    else:
+        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        scope: str = payload.get("scope", "")
+        token_scopes = scope.split(" ")
+        token_data = TokenData(scopes=token_scopes, username=username)
+    except (InvalidTokenError, ValidationError):
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    for scope in security_scopes.scopes:
+        if scope not in token_data.scopes:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Not enough permissions",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+            )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Security(get_current_user, scopes=["me"])],
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()],
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username, "scope": " ".join(form_data.scopes)},
+        expires_delta=access_token_expires,
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Security(get_current_active_user, scopes=["items"])],
+):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]
+
+
+@app.get("/status/")
+async def read_system_status(current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]):
+    return {"status": "ok"}

docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import Annotated
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Security, status
+from fastapi.security import (
+    OAuth2PasswordBearer,
+    OAuth2PasswordRequestForm,
+    SecurityScopes,
+)
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Chains",
+        "email": "alicechains@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$g2/AV1zwopqUntPKJavBFw$BwpRGDCyUHLvHICnwijyX8ROGoiUPwNKZ7915MeYfCE",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: str | None = None
+    scopes: list[str] = []
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: str | None = None
+    full_name: str | None = None
+    disabled: bool | None = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
+    tokenUrl="token",
+    scopes={"me": "Read information about the current user.", "items": "Read items."},
+)
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: timedelta | None = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(
+    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]
+):
+    if security_scopes.scopes:
+        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
+    else:
+        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        scope: str = payload.get("scope", "")
+        token_scopes = scope.split(" ")
+        token_data = TokenData(scopes=token_scopes, username=username)
+    except (InvalidTokenError, ValidationError):
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    for scope in security_scopes.scopes:
+        if scope not in token_data.scopes:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Not enough permissions",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+            )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Security(get_current_user, scopes=["me"])],
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()],
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username, "scope": " ".join(form_data.scopes)},
+        expires_delta=access_token_expires,
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Security(get_current_active_user, scopes=["items"])],
+):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]
+
+
+@app.get("/status/")
+async def read_system_status(current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]):
+    return {"status": "ok"}

docs_src/security/tutorial005_an_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import Annotated, Union
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Security, status
+from fastapi.security import (
+    OAuth2PasswordBearer,
+    OAuth2PasswordRequestForm,
+    SecurityScopes,
+)
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Chains",
+        "email": "alicechains@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$g2/AV1zwopqUntPKJavBFw$BwpRGDCyUHLvHICnwijyX8ROGoiUPwNKZ7915MeYfCE",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: Union[str, None] = None
+    scopes: list[str] = []
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
+    tokenUrl="token",
+    scopes={"me": "Read information about the current user.", "items": "Read items."},
+)
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Union[timedelta, None] = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(
+    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]
+):
+    if security_scopes.scopes:
+        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
+    else:
+        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        scope: str = payload.get("scope", "")
+        token_scopes = scope.split(" ")
+        token_data = TokenData(scopes=token_scopes, username=username)
+    except (InvalidTokenError, ValidationError):
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    for scope in security_scopes.scopes:
+        if scope not in token_data.scopes:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Not enough permissions",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+            )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Security(get_current_user, scopes=["me"])],
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: Annotated[OAuth2PasswordRequestForm, Depends()],
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username, "scope": " ".join(form_data.scopes)},
+        expires_delta=access_token_expires,
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_active_user)],
+):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(
+    current_user: Annotated[User, Security(get_current_active_user, scopes=["items"])],
+):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]
+
+
+@app.get("/status/")
+async def read_system_status(current_user: Annotated[User, Depends(get_current_user)]):
+    return {"status": "ok"}

docs_src/security/tutorial005_py310.py

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Security, status
+from fastapi.security import (
+    OAuth2PasswordBearer,
+    OAuth2PasswordRequestForm,
+    SecurityScopes,
+)
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Chains",
+        "email": "alicechains@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$g2/AV1zwopqUntPKJavBFw$BwpRGDCyUHLvHICnwijyX8ROGoiUPwNKZ7915MeYfCE",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: str | None = None
+    scopes: list[str] = []
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: str | None = None
+    full_name: str | None = None
+    disabled: bool | None = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
+    tokenUrl="token",
+    scopes={"me": "Read information about the current user.", "items": "Read items."},
+)
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: timedelta | None = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(
+    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)
+):
+    if security_scopes.scopes:
+        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
+    else:
+        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username: str = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        scope: str = payload.get("scope", "")
+        token_scopes = scope.split(" ")
+        token_data = TokenData(scopes=token_scopes, username=username)
+    except (InvalidTokenError, ValidationError):
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    for scope in security_scopes.scopes:
+        if scope not in token_data.scopes:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Not enough permissions",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+            )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: User = Security(get_current_user, scopes=["me"]),
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends(),
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username, "scope": " ".join(form_data.scopes)},
+        expires_delta=access_token_expires,
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(
+    current_user: User = Security(get_current_active_user, scopes=["items"]),
+):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]
+
+
+@app.get("/status/")
+async def read_system_status(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    return {"status": "ok"}

docs_src/security/tutorial005_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+from typing import Union
+
+import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Security, status
+from fastapi.security import (
+    OAuth2PasswordBearer,
+    OAuth2PasswordRequestForm,
+    SecurityScopes,
+)
+from jwt.exceptions import InvalidTokenError
+from pwdlib import PasswordHash
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ValidationError
+
+# to get a string like this run:
+# openssl rand -hex 32
+SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"
+ALGORITHM = "HS256"
+ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30
+
+
+fake_users_db = {
+    "johndoe": {
+        "username": "johndoe",
+        "full_name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "johndoe@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$wagCPXjifgvUFBzq4hqe3w$CYaIb8sB+wtD+Vu/P4uod1+Qof8h+1g7bbDlBID48Rc",
+        "disabled": False,
+    },
+    "alice": {
+        "username": "alice",
+        "full_name": "Alice Chains",
+        "email": "alicechains@example.com",
+        "hashed_password": "$argon2id$v=19$m=65536,t=3,p=4$g2/AV1zwopqUntPKJavBFw$BwpRGDCyUHLvHICnwijyX8ROGoiUPwNKZ7915MeYfCE",
+        "disabled": True,
+    },
+}
+
+
+class Token(BaseModel):
+    access_token: str
+    token_type: str
+
+
+class TokenData(BaseModel):
+    username: Union[str, None] = None
+    scopes: list[str] = []
+
+
+class User(BaseModel):
+    username: str
+    email: Union[str, None] = None
+    full_name: Union[str, None] = None
+    disabled: Union[bool, None] = None
+
+
+class UserInDB(User):
+    hashed_password: str
+
+
+password_hash = PasswordHash.recommended()
+
+oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(
+    tokenUrl="token",
+    scopes={"me": "Read information about the current user.", "items": "Read items."},
+)
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+def verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):
+    return password_hash.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)
+
+
+def get_password_hash(password):
+    return password_hash.hash(password)
+
+
+def get_user(db, username: str):
+    if username in db:
+        user_dict = db[username]
+        return UserInDB(**user_dict)
+
+
+def authenticate_user(fake_db, username: str, password: str):
+    user = get_user(fake_db, username)
+    if not user:
+        return False
+    if not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):
+        return False
+    return user
+
+
+def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Union[timedelta, None] = None):
+    to_encode = data.copy()
+    if expires_delta:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + expires_delta
+    else:
+        expire = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(minutes=15)
+    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
+    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
+    return encoded_jwt
+
+
+async def get_current_user(
+    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)
+):
+    if security_scopes.scopes:
+        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
+    else:
+        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
+    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
+        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+        detail="Could not validate credentials",
+        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+    )
+    try:
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
+        username: str = payload.get("sub")
+        if username is None:
+            raise credentials_exception
+        scope: str = payload.get("scope", "")
+        token_scopes = scope.split(" ")
+        token_data = TokenData(scopes=token_scopes, username=username)
+    except (InvalidTokenError, ValidationError):
+        raise credentials_exception
+    user = get_user(fake_users_db, username=token_data.username)
+    if user is None:
+        raise credentials_exception
+    for scope in security_scopes.scopes:
+        if scope not in token_data.scopes:
+            raise HTTPException(
+                status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+                detail="Not enough permissions",
+                headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
+            )
+    return user
+
+
+async def get_current_active_user(
+    current_user: User = Security(get_current_user, scopes=["me"]),
+):
+    if current_user.disabled:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Inactive user")
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.post("/token")
+async def login_for_access_token(
+    form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends(),
+) -> Token:
+    user = authenticate_user(fake_users_db, form_data.username, form_data.password)
+    if not user:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Incorrect username or password")
+    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
+    access_token = create_access_token(
+        data={"sub": user.username, "scope": " ".join(form_data.scopes)},
+        expires_delta=access_token_expires,
+    )
+    return Token(access_token=access_token, token_type="bearer")
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/", response_model=User)
+async def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_active_user)):
+    return current_user
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me/items/")
+async def read_own_items(
+    current_user: User = Security(get_current_active_user, scopes=["items"]),
+):
+    return [{"item_id": "Foo", "owner": current_user.username}]
+
+
+@app.get("/status/")
+async def read_system_status(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):
+    return {"status": "ok"}

docs_src/security/tutorial006.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import HTTPBasic, HTTPBasicCredentials
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+security = HTTPBasic()
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+def read_current_user(credentials: HTTPBasicCredentials = Depends(security)):
+    return {"username": credentials.username, "password": credentials.password}

docs_src/security/tutorial006_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import HTTPBasic, HTTPBasicCredentials
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+security = HTTPBasic()
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+def read_current_user(credentials: Annotated[HTTPBasicCredentials, Depends(security)]):
+    return {"username": credentials.username, "password": credentials.password}

docs_src/security/tutorial006_an_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from fastapi.security import HTTPBasic, HTTPBasicCredentials
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+security = HTTPBasic()
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+def read_current_user(credentials: Annotated[HTTPBasicCredentials, Depends(security)]):
+    return {"username": credentials.username, "password": credentials.password}

docs_src/security/tutorial007.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import secrets
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import HTTPBasic, HTTPBasicCredentials
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+security = HTTPBasic()
+
+
+def get_current_username(credentials: HTTPBasicCredentials = Depends(security)):
+    current_username_bytes = credentials.username.encode("utf8")
+    correct_username_bytes = b"stanleyjobson"
+    is_correct_username = secrets.compare_digest(
+        current_username_bytes, correct_username_bytes
+    )
+    current_password_bytes = credentials.password.encode("utf8")
+    correct_password_bytes = b"swordfish"
+    is_correct_password = secrets.compare_digest(
+        current_password_bytes, correct_password_bytes
+    )
+    if not (is_correct_username and is_correct_password):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Basic"},
+        )
+    return credentials.username
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+def read_current_user(username: str = Depends(get_current_username)):
+    return {"username": username}

docs_src/security/tutorial007_an.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import secrets
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import HTTPBasic, HTTPBasicCredentials
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+security = HTTPBasic()
+
+
+def get_current_username(
+    credentials: Annotated[HTTPBasicCredentials, Depends(security)],
+):
+    current_username_bytes = credentials.username.encode("utf8")
+    correct_username_bytes = b"stanleyjobson"
+    is_correct_username = secrets.compare_digest(
+        current_username_bytes, correct_username_bytes
+    )
+    current_password_bytes = credentials.password.encode("utf8")
+    correct_password_bytes = b"swordfish"
+    is_correct_password = secrets.compare_digest(
+        current_password_bytes, correct_password_bytes
+    )
+    if not (is_correct_username and is_correct_password):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Basic"},
+        )
+    return credentials.username
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+def read_current_user(username: Annotated[str, Depends(get_current_username)]):
+    return {"username": username}

docs_src/security/tutorial007_an_py39.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import secrets
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import HTTPBasic, HTTPBasicCredentials
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+security = HTTPBasic()
+
+
+def get_current_username(
+    credentials: Annotated[HTTPBasicCredentials, Depends(security)],
+):
+    current_username_bytes = credentials.username.encode("utf8")
+    correct_username_bytes = b"stanleyjobson"
+    is_correct_username = secrets.compare_digest(
+        current_username_bytes, correct_username_bytes
+    )
+    current_password_bytes = credentials.password.encode("utf8")
+    correct_password_bytes = b"swordfish"
+    is_correct_password = secrets.compare_digest(
+        current_password_bytes, correct_password_bytes
+    )
+    if not (is_correct_username and is_correct_password):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
+            detail="Incorrect username or password",
+            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Basic"},
+        )
+    return credentials.username
+
+
+@app.get("/users/me")
+def read_current_user(username: Annotated[str, Depends(get_current_username)]):
+    return {"username": username}