//! KnowledgeGraph ECS component per D-041.
//!
//! Per-entity knowledge component. Attached to every entity that has knowledge
//! (player character, Active-tier NPCs, Background-tier NPCs).

use bevy_ecs::prelude::*;
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::collections::BTreeMap;

use crate::simulation::movement::TilePosition;

use super::types::*;

/// Per-entity knowledge component. THE core data structure.
/// BTreeMap for deterministic iteration (D-010 principle 4).
#[derive(Component, Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct KnowledgeGraph {
    /// What this entity knows about other entities.
    /// Key: StableId of the known entity.
    pub entities: BTreeMap<StableId, EntityKnowledge>,

    /// Non-entity facts this entity knows.
    /// Key: FactId in "category.topic" format.
    pub facts: BTreeMap<FactId, FactKnowledge>,
}

impl KnowledgeGraph {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            entities: BTreeMap::new(),
            facts: BTreeMap::new(),
        }
    }

    /// Construct with starting facts (character background per D-013).
    pub fn with_background(facts: Vec<(FactId, FactKnowledge)>) -> Self {
        Self {
            entities: BTreeMap::new(),
            facts: facts.into_iter().collect(),
        }
    }

    // --- Read Queries ---

    /// Does this entity know about another entity at all?
    pub fn knows_entity(&self, id: &StableId) -> bool {
        self.entities.contains_key(id)
    }

    /// What confidence level for a known entity?
    pub fn confidence_of(&self, id: &StableId) -> Option<KnowledgeConfidence> {
        self.entities.get(id).map(|k| k.confidence)
    }

    /// What is the relationship state with a known entity?
    /// Returns Unknown for entities not in the graph.
    pub fn relationship_with(&self, id: &StableId) -> RelationshipState {
        self.entities
            .get(id)
            .map(|k| k.relationship)
            .unwrap_or(RelationshipState::Unknown)
    }

    /// Does this entity know a specific fact?
    pub fn knows_fact(&self, id: &FactId) -> bool {
        self.facts.contains_key(id)
    }

    /// Is fact confidence at or above a threshold?
    /// This is the monologue prerequisite check (D-035 `prerequisite` tag).
    pub fn fact_at_least(&self, id: &FactId, min: KnowledgeConfidence) -> bool {
        self.facts
            .get(id)
            .map(|f| f.confidence >= min)
            .unwrap_or(false)
    }

    /// Get entity knowledge entry (read-only).
    pub fn entity_knowledge(&self, id: &StableId) -> Option<&EntityKnowledge> {
        self.entities.get(id)
    }

    /// Iterate all known entities (deterministic order via BTreeMap).
    pub fn known_entities_iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&StableId, &EntityKnowledge)> {
        self.entities.iter()
    }

    /// Number of known entities.
    pub fn entity_count(&self) -> usize {
        self.entities.len()
    }

    /// Number of known facts.
    pub fn fact_count(&self) -> usize {
        self.facts.len()
    }

    /// Whether the knowledge graph has no entries at all.
    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
        self.entities.is_empty() && self.facts.is_empty()
    }

    /// Iterate all known facts (deterministic order via BTreeMap).
    pub fn known_facts_iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&FactId, &FactKnowledge)> {
        self.facts.iter()
    }

    // --- Write Operations ---

    /// Record a direct observation of another entity (entity is in LOS).
    ///
    /// Returns `Some(ContradictionClaim)` if a position contradiction was
    /// detected against a recent `ToldBy` source (D-083). The caller should
    /// push a `ContradictionDetected` event when this returns `Some`.
    pub fn observe_entity(
        &mut self,
        target: StableId,
        position: TilePosition,
        tick: u64,
    ) -> Option<ContradictionClaim> {
        // --- Pre-overwrite contradiction check (D-083) ---
        //
        // If the existing entry has a ToldBy source with a different position,
        // and the told-tick is within CONTRADICTION_WINDOW_TICKS of now,
        // this is a contradiction: someone lied or was wrong about where
        // this entity would be.
        let contradiction = self.entities.get(&target).and_then(|existing| {
            if let KnowledgeSource::ToldBy {
                source_id,
                tick: told_tick,
            } = &existing.source
            {
                let age = tick.saturating_sub(*told_tick);
                let claimed_pos = existing.last_known_position?;
                if age <= CONTRADICTION_WINDOW_TICKS && claimed_pos != position {
                    Some(ContradictionClaim {
                        told_by: *source_id,
                        told_tick: *told_tick,
                        claimed_position: claimed_pos,
                        observed_position: position,
                        detected_tick: tick,
                    })
                } else {
                    None
                }
            } else {
                None
            }
        });

        let entry = self
            .entities
            .entry(target)
            .or_insert_with(|| EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: None,
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 0,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::Direct,
                source: KnowledgeSource::DirectObservation { tick },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Unknown,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            });
        entry.last_known_position = Some(position);
        entry.last_observed_tick = tick;
        entry.last_updated_tick = tick;
        entry.confidence = KnowledgeConfidence::Direct;
        entry.source = KnowledgeSource::DirectObservation { tick };

        if contradiction.is_some() {
            entry.state = KnowledgeState::Contradicted;
            entry.contradicted_claim = contradiction.clone();
        } else if entry.state == KnowledgeState::Stale {
            // Stale entries become Active again on fresh observation.
            entry.state = KnowledgeState::Active;
        }
        // Contradicted entries without a new contradiction stay Contradicted —
        // the previous contradiction is still unresolved.

        contradiction
    }

    /// Entity has left the observer's LOS. Downgrade from Direct.
    pub fn observe_entity_leaving_los(&mut self, target: &StableId, tick: u64) {
        if let Some(entry) = self.entities.get_mut(target) {
            if entry.confidence == KnowledgeConfidence::Direct {
                entry.confidence = KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsDetails;
                entry.last_updated_tick = tick;
            }
        }
    }

    /// Record an incomplete interaction with an entity (D-064 walk-away).
    ///
    /// Appends to known_attributes["incomplete_interactions"] as a
    /// comma-separated list of "tick:type" entries. Creates the entity
    /// entry if it doesn't exist (at Suspects confidence).
    pub fn record_incomplete_interaction(
        &mut self,
        target: &StableId,
        interaction_type: super::events::InteractionType,
        tick: u64,
    ) {
        let entry = self
            .entities
            .entry(*target)
            .or_insert_with(|| EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: None,
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 0,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::Suspects,
                source: KnowledgeSource::DirectObservation { tick },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Unknown,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            });

        let type_str = match interaction_type {
            super::events::InteractionType::Talk => "talk",
            super::events::InteractionType::Confront => "confront",
        };
        let record = format!("{}:{}", tick, type_str);

        entry
            .known_attributes
            .entry("incomplete_interactions".to_string())
            .and_modify(|v| {
                v.push(',');
                v.push_str(&record);
            })
            .or_insert(record);

        entry.last_updated_tick = tick;
    }

    /// Check if the observer has any incomplete interactions with an entity.
    ///
    /// Returns true if known_attributes["incomplete_interactions"] exists
    /// and is non-empty. Used by dialogue/monologue systems to gate
    /// post-conversation reactions (D-064 phase 3).
    pub fn has_incomplete_interaction(&self, target: &StableId) -> bool {
        self.entities
            .get(target)
            .and_then(|e| e.known_attributes.get("incomplete_interactions"))
            .is_some_and(|v| !v.is_empty())
    }

    /// Set relationship state for an entity.
    pub fn set_relationship(&mut self, target: &StableId, state: RelationshipState) {
        if let Some(entry) = self.entities.get_mut(target) {
            entry.relationship = state;
        }
    }

    /// Run knowledge decay pass. Called periodically (once per game-minute).
    pub fn decay(&mut self, current_tick: u64, thresholds: &DecayThresholds) {
        for (_id, knowledge) in self.entities.iter_mut() {
            // Direct confidence is managed by perception system, not decay.
            if knowledge.confidence == KnowledgeConfidence::Direct {
                continue;
            }
            let age = current_tick.saturating_sub(knowledge.last_observed_tick);
            if age > thresholds.stale_after {
                knowledge.state = KnowledgeState::Stale;
            } else if age > thresholds.decay_after {
                knowledge.confidence = knowledge.confidence.decayed();
                knowledge.last_updated_tick = current_tick;
            }
        }
    }
}

impl Default for KnowledgeGraph {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

// --- Access control filter (#139, D-010 principle 2) ---

/// Component-level access control filter.
///
/// Called by the observer snapshot builder before including a component's
/// sensitive data in the snapshot. Returns `true` if `observer_id` is
/// permitted to read a component tagged with `rule` on entity `target_id`.
///
/// Design: coarse-grained component-level check. A component either passes
/// or fails as a whole. See `ObserverAccess` for available rules.
///
/// # Arguments
/// - `observer_id`: StableId of the entity requesting access.
/// - `target_id`: StableId of the entity that owns the component.
/// - `rule`: The access rule attached to the component via `AccessRule`.
/// - `kg`: The observer's `KnowledgeGraph` (used for relationship and knowledge checks).
pub fn filter_by_access(
    observer_id: StableId,
    target_id: StableId,
    rule: &ObserverAccess,
    kg: &KnowledgeGraph,
) -> bool {
    match rule {
        // Public data is always readable.
        ObserverAccess::Public => true,

        // OwnerOnly: only the entity that owns the component can read it.
        // Primary use case: player's own inventory (D-065).
        ObserverAccess::OwnerOnly => observer_id == target_id,

        // FactionOnly: observer must have a recorded faction match with the target.
        // Stored as a "faction_id" key in the target's known_attributes.
        // Full faction system deferred; approximation via knowledge attributes.
        ObserverAccess::FactionOnly(faction_id) => kg
            .entities
            .get(&target_id)
            .and_then(|k| k.known_attributes.get("faction_id"))
            .and_then(|v| match v.parse::<u64>() {
                Ok(id) => Some(id),
                Err(_) => {
                    tracing::warn!(
                        target_id = target_id.0,
                        value = %v,
                        "FactionOnly: non-numeric faction_id attribute, denying access"
                    );
                    None
                }
            })
            .is_some_and(|id| id == faction_id.0),

        // RelationshipGated: observer must have a relationship score >= threshold.
        // Threshold is 0–100; maps to RelationshipState enum values.
        ObserverAccess::RelationshipGated(threshold) => {
            let score: i32 = match kg.relationship_with(&target_id) {
                RelationshipState::Unknown => 0,
                RelationshipState::Known => 25,
                RelationshipState::PersonOfInterest => 40,
                RelationshipState::Friendly => 75,
                RelationshipState::Hostile => 5,
            };
            score >= *threshold
        }

        // KnowledgeGated: observer must have a specific fact in their knowledge graph.
        // Used for "you only see this if you know about it" information walls.
        ObserverAccess::KnowledgeGated(flag) => {
            let fact_id = FactId(flag.clone());
            kg.knows_fact(&fact_id)
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;

    fn make_position(x: i32, y: i32) -> TilePosition {
        TilePosition::new(x, y, 0)
    }

    #[test]
    fn new_graph_is_empty() {
        let g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        assert_eq!(g.entity_count(), 0);
        assert_eq!(g.fact_count(), 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn observe_entity_creates_direct_entry() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 10), 100);

        assert!(g.knows_entity(&target));
        assert_eq!(g.confidence_of(&target), Some(KnowledgeConfidence::Direct));
        let entry = g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(entry.last_known_position, Some(make_position(5, 10)));
        assert_eq!(entry.last_observed_tick, 100);
    }

    #[test]
    fn leaving_los_downgrades_to_knows_details() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 10), 100);
        g.observe_entity_leaving_los(&target, 110);

        assert_eq!(
            g.confidence_of(&target),
            Some(KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsDetails)
        );
        let entry = g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(entry.last_updated_tick, 110);
    }

    #[test]
    fn leaving_los_no_op_if_not_direct() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 10), 100);
        g.observe_entity_leaving_los(&target, 110);
        // Now at KnowsDetails — leaving LOS again should not downgrade further
        g.observe_entity_leaving_los(&target, 120);
        assert_eq!(
            g.confidence_of(&target),
            Some(KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsDetails)
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn relationship_default_is_unknown() {
        let g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        assert_eq!(
            g.relationship_with(&StableId(999)),
            RelationshipState::Unknown
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn set_relationship_updates_entry() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 10), 100);
        g.set_relationship(&target, RelationshipState::Hostile);

        assert_eq!(g.relationship_with(&target), RelationshipState::Hostile);
    }

    #[test]
    fn fact_operations() {
        let fact_id = FactId("contraband.ring_exists".to_string());
        let fact = FactKnowledge {
            confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
            source: KnowledgeSource::Background,
            state: KnowledgeState::Active,
            acquired_tick: 0,
            disclosure_blocked: false,
        };
        let g = KnowledgeGraph::with_background(vec![(fact_id.clone(), fact)]);

        assert!(g.knows_fact(&fact_id));
        assert!(g.fact_at_least(&fact_id, KnowledgeConfidence::Suspects));
        assert!(g.fact_at_least(&fact_id, KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf));
        assert!(!g.fact_at_least(&fact_id, KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsDetails));
    }

    #[test]
    fn confidence_ordering() {
        assert!(KnowledgeConfidence::Suspects < KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf);
        assert!(KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf < KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsDetails);
        assert!(KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsDetails < KnowledgeConfidence::Direct);
    }

    #[test]
    fn confidence_decay_chain() {
        assert_eq!(
            KnowledgeConfidence::Direct.decayed(),
            KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsDetails
        );
        assert_eq!(
            KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsDetails.decayed(),
            KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf
        );
        assert_eq!(
            KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf.decayed(),
            KnowledgeConfidence::Suspects
        );
        assert_eq!(
            KnowledgeConfidence::Suspects.decayed(),
            KnowledgeConfidence::Suspects
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn decay_skips_direct_confidence() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 10), 100);

        let thresholds = DecayThresholds {
            decay_after: 10,
            stale_after: 100,
        };
        g.decay(200, &thresholds);

        // Direct entries are managed by perception, not decay
        assert_eq!(g.confidence_of(&target), Some(KnowledgeConfidence::Direct));
    }

    #[test]
    fn decay_downgrades_non_direct() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 10), 100);
        g.observe_entity_leaving_los(&target, 110); // Now KnowsDetails

        let thresholds = DecayThresholds {
            decay_after: 10,
            stale_after: 1000,
        };
        // Age = 200 - 100 = 100, which is > decay_after (10)
        g.decay(200, &thresholds);
        assert_eq!(g.confidence_of(&target), Some(KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf));
    }

    #[test]
    fn decay_marks_stale_when_very_old() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 10), 100);
        g.observe_entity_leaving_los(&target, 110);

        let thresholds = DecayThresholds {
            decay_after: 10,
            stale_after: 50,
        };
        // Age = 200 - 100 = 100, which is > stale_after (50)
        g.decay(200, &thresholds);
        let entry = g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(entry.state, KnowledgeState::Stale);
    }

    #[test]
    fn observe_preserves_contradicted_state() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 10), 100);
        // Manually set contradicted (would be done by contradiction detector in Sprint 3)
        g.entities.get_mut(&target).unwrap().state = KnowledgeState::Contradicted;

        // Re-observe — state should remain Contradicted
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(6, 10), 200);
        let entry = g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(entry.state, KnowledgeState::Contradicted);
        assert_eq!(entry.confidence, KnowledgeConfidence::Direct);
        assert_eq!(entry.last_known_position, Some(make_position(6, 10)));
    }

    #[test]
    fn observe_resets_stale_to_active() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 10), 100);
        // Mark as stale (would be done by decay system)
        g.entities.get_mut(&target).unwrap().state = KnowledgeState::Stale;

        // Re-observe — stale should reset to Active
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(6, 10), 200);
        let entry = g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(entry.state, KnowledgeState::Active);
        assert_eq!(entry.confidence, KnowledgeConfidence::Direct);
    }

    #[test]
    fn with_background_creates_facts() {
        let facts = vec![
            (
                FactId("location.restricted".to_string()),
                FactKnowledge {
                    confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsDetails,
                    source: KnowledgeSource::Background,
                    state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                    acquired_tick: 0,
                    disclosure_blocked: false,
                },
            ),
            (
                FactId("contraband.exists".to_string()),
                FactKnowledge {
                    confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::Suspects,
                    source: KnowledgeSource::Background,
                    state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                    acquired_tick: 0,
                    disclosure_blocked: false,
                },
            ),
        ];
        let g = KnowledgeGraph::with_background(facts);
        assert_eq!(g.fact_count(), 2);
        assert_eq!(g.entity_count(), 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn known_entities_iter_deterministic() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        // Insert in reverse order — BTreeMap should iterate in sorted order
        for id in (0..5).rev() {
            g.observe_entity(StableId(id), make_position(id as i32, 0), 100);
        }
        let ids: Vec<u64> = g.known_entities_iter().map(|(id, _)| id.0).collect();
        assert_eq!(ids, vec![0, 1, 2, 3, 4]);
    }

    // --- filter_by_access tests (#139, D-010 principle 2) ---
    //
    // Sprint 12 test focus: "negative tests — blocked component not returned
    // for non-owner observer". These tests verify each ObserverAccess variant
    // and confirm the critical negative case: OwnerOnly blocks non-owner.

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_public_always_passes() {
        let observer = StableId(1);
        let target = StableId(2);
        let kg = KnowledgeGraph::new();

        assert!(
            filter_by_access(observer, target, &ObserverAccess::Public, &kg),
            "Public access rule must always return true"
        );

        // Public is symmetric — even self-observation passes
        assert!(filter_by_access(observer, observer, &ObserverAccess::Public, &kg));
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_owner_only_blocks_non_owner() {
        // THE critical negative test (Sprint 12 joint briefing).
        // A non-owner observer must NOT get access to OwnerOnly data.
        let observer = StableId(1); // some other entity
        let target = StableId(2);  // owns the component
        let kg = KnowledgeGraph::new();

        assert!(
            !filter_by_access(observer, target, &ObserverAccess::OwnerOnly, &kg),
            "OwnerOnly must block a non-owner observer"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_owner_only_allows_owner() {
        // The entity observing its own component must be allowed.
        let owner = StableId(5);
        let kg = KnowledgeGraph::new();

        assert!(
            filter_by_access(owner, owner, &ObserverAccess::OwnerOnly, &kg),
            "OwnerOnly must allow the owner to read their own component"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_owner_only_distinct_ids_always_block() {
        // Additional negative: even adjacent IDs are different owners.
        let kg = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        for id in 1u64..=10 {
            assert!(
                !filter_by_access(StableId(id), StableId(id + 1), &ObserverAccess::OwnerOnly, &kg),
                "StableId({id}) should not match StableId({})", id + 1
            );
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_knowledge_gated_blocks_without_knowledge() {
        let observer = StableId(1);
        let target = StableId(2);
        let kg = KnowledgeGraph::new(); // empty — no facts known

        let rule = ObserverAccess::KnowledgeGated("contraband.ring_exists".to_string());

        assert!(
            !filter_by_access(observer, target, &rule, &kg),
            "KnowledgeGated must block when observer lacks the required fact"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_knowledge_gated_passes_with_knowledge() {
        let observer = StableId(1);
        let target = StableId(2);
        let flag = "contraband.ring_exists";
        let kg = KnowledgeGraph::with_background(vec![(
            FactId(flag.to_string()),
            FactKnowledge {
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::Background,
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                acquired_tick: 0,
                disclosure_blocked: false,
            },
        )]);

        let rule = ObserverAccess::KnowledgeGated(flag.to_string());

        assert!(
            filter_by_access(observer, target, &rule, &kg),
            "KnowledgeGated must pass when observer has the required fact"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_knowledge_gated_wrong_flag_blocks() {
        let observer = StableId(1);
        let target = StableId(2);
        let kg = KnowledgeGraph::with_background(vec![(
            FactId("contraband.ring_exists".to_string()),
            FactKnowledge {
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::Background,
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                acquired_tick: 0,
                disclosure_blocked: false,
            },
        )]);

        // Gated on a DIFFERENT flag — observer doesn't have this one
        let rule = ObserverAccess::KnowledgeGated("conspiracy.mastermind".to_string());

        assert!(
            !filter_by_access(observer, target, &rule, &kg),
            "KnowledgeGated must block when observer has a different fact, not this one"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_relationship_gated_blocks_unknown() {
        let observer = StableId(1);
        let target = StableId(2);
        let kg = KnowledgeGraph::new(); // observer has no knowledge of target

        // Threshold 25 = Known level — Unknown (score=0) should fail
        let rule = ObserverAccess::RelationshipGated(25);

        assert!(
            !filter_by_access(observer, target, &rule, &kg),
            "RelationshipGated must block when observer's relationship is Unknown (score 0)"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_relationship_gated_passes_for_friendly() {
        let observer = StableId(1);
        let target = StableId(2);
        let mut kg = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        kg.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 5), 100);
        kg.set_relationship(&target, RelationshipState::Friendly);

        // Threshold 50 — Friendly (score=75) should pass
        let rule = ObserverAccess::RelationshipGated(50);

        assert!(
            filter_by_access(observer, target, &rule, &kg),
            "RelationshipGated must pass when observer has Friendly relationship (score 75 >= 50)"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_relationship_gated_blocks_hostile() {
        let observer = StableId(1);
        let target = StableId(2);
        let mut kg = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        kg.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 5), 100);
        kg.set_relationship(&target, RelationshipState::Hostile);

        // Threshold 25 — Hostile (score=5) should fail
        let rule = ObserverAccess::RelationshipGated(25);

        assert!(
            !filter_by_access(observer, target, &rule, &kg),
            "RelationshipGated must block Hostile relationship (score 5 < threshold 25)"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_faction_only_blocks_without_faction_attribute() {
        let observer = StableId(1);
        let target = StableId(2);
        let kg = KnowledgeGraph::new(); // no knowledge of target

        let faction = StableId(99);
        let rule = ObserverAccess::FactionOnly(faction);

        assert!(
            !filter_by_access(observer, target, &rule, &kg),
            "FactionOnly must block when faction attribute is not known"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn filter_by_access_faction_only_passes_with_matching_faction() {
        let observer = StableId(1);
        let target = StableId(2);
        let mut kg = KnowledgeGraph::new();

        // Observer knows target's faction via known_attributes
        kg.observe_entity(target, make_position(5, 5), 10);
        kg.entities
            .get_mut(&target)
            .unwrap()
            .known_attributes
            .insert("faction_id".into(), "99".into());

        let faction = StableId(99);
        let rule = ObserverAccess::FactionOnly(faction);

        assert!(
            filter_by_access(observer, target, &rule, &kg),
            "FactionOnly must pass when observer knows the matching faction_id"
        );
    }

    // --- Contradiction detection tests (D-083, #547) ---

    #[test]
    fn contradiction_detected_when_told_by_position_differs() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        let informant = StableId(99);

        // Someone told us the target is at (10, 10) at tick 100
        g.entities.insert(
            target,
            EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: Some(make_position(10, 10)),
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 100,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::ToldBy {
                    source_id: informant,
                    tick: 100,
                },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Known,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            },
        );

        // Direct observation at (15, 10) at tick 200 — within window (600 ticks)
        let result = g.observe_entity(target, make_position(15, 10), 200);

        // Contradiction should be detected
        assert!(result.is_some(), "Should detect contradiction");
        let claim = result.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(claim.told_by, informant);
        assert_eq!(claim.told_tick, 100);
        assert_eq!(claim.claimed_position, make_position(10, 10));
        assert_eq!(claim.observed_position, make_position(15, 10));
        assert_eq!(claim.detected_tick, 200);

        // Entry should be Contradicted
        let entry = g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(entry.state, KnowledgeState::Contradicted);
        assert!(entry.contradicted_claim.is_some());
        // But confidence is upgraded to Direct (we're looking at them)
        assert_eq!(entry.confidence, KnowledgeConfidence::Direct);
    }

    #[test]
    fn no_contradiction_when_told_by_position_matches() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        let informant = StableId(99);

        // Told target is at (10, 10)
        g.entities.insert(
            target,
            EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: Some(make_position(10, 10)),
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 100,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::ToldBy {
                    source_id: informant,
                    tick: 100,
                },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Known,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            },
        );

        // Observe at SAME position — no contradiction
        let result = g.observe_entity(target, make_position(10, 10), 200);
        assert!(result.is_none(), "Same position should not be a contradiction");
        let entry = g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(entry.state, KnowledgeState::Active);
        assert!(entry.contradicted_claim.is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn no_contradiction_outside_time_window() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        let informant = StableId(99);

        // Told at tick 100, position (10, 10)
        g.entities.insert(
            target,
            EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: Some(make_position(10, 10)),
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 100,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::ToldBy {
                    source_id: informant,
                    tick: 100,
                },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Known,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            },
        );

        // Observe at different position BUT outside window (100 + 601 = 701)
        let result = g.observe_entity(target, make_position(15, 10), 701);
        assert!(
            result.is_none(),
            "Outside CONTRADICTION_WINDOW_TICKS should not trigger contradiction"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn contradiction_at_exact_window_boundary() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        let informant = StableId(99);

        g.entities.insert(
            target,
            EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: Some(make_position(10, 10)),
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 100,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::ToldBy {
                    source_id: informant,
                    tick: 100,
                },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Known,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            },
        );

        // Exactly at window boundary: 100 + 600 = 700 (age == CONTRADICTION_WINDOW_TICKS)
        let result = g.observe_entity(target, make_position(15, 10), 700);
        assert!(
            result.is_some(),
            "Exactly at window boundary (age == 600) should still detect contradiction"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn no_contradiction_for_direct_observation_source() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);

        // Previous knowledge from DirectObservation (not ToldBy)
        g.observe_entity(target, make_position(10, 10), 100);

        // New observation at different position — NOT a contradiction
        // (we just moved, or they moved; no one lied)
        let result = g.observe_entity(target, make_position(15, 10), 200);
        assert!(
            result.is_none(),
            "DirectObservation source should never trigger contradiction"
        );
        let entry = g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(entry.state, KnowledgeState::Active);
    }

    #[test]
    fn no_contradiction_for_background_source() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);

        // Background knowledge with a position
        g.entities.insert(
            target,
            EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: Some(make_position(10, 10)),
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 0,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::Background,
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Known,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            },
        );

        let result = g.observe_entity(target, make_position(15, 10), 100);
        assert!(
            result.is_none(),
            "Background source should not trigger contradiction"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn no_contradiction_when_told_by_has_no_position() {
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        let informant = StableId(99);

        // ToldBy but no position was claimed
        g.entities.insert(
            target,
            EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: None, // no position claimed
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 100,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::ToldBy {
                    source_id: informant,
                    tick: 100,
                },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Known,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            },
        );

        let result = g.observe_entity(target, make_position(15, 10), 200);
        assert!(
            result.is_none(),
            "ToldBy without position should not trigger contradiction"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn contradicted_claim_entry_field_matches_returned_claim() {
        // Verify that entry.contradicted_claim is populated with identical
        // data to the ContradictionClaim returned by observe_entity (D-083).
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(1);
        let informant = StableId(42);

        g.entities.insert(
            target,
            EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: Some(make_position(5, 5)),
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 50,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::ToldBy {
                    source_id: informant,
                    tick: 50,
                },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Known,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            },
        );

        let returned = g
            .observe_entity(target, make_position(12, 5), 300)
            .expect("contradiction should be detected");

        let entry = g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap();
        let stored = entry.contradicted_claim.as_ref().expect("field should be populated");

        assert_eq!(stored.told_by, returned.told_by);
        assert_eq!(stored.told_tick, returned.told_tick);
        assert_eq!(stored.claimed_position, returned.claimed_position);
        assert_eq!(stored.observed_position, returned.observed_position);
        assert_eq!(stored.detected_tick, returned.detected_tick);
    }

    #[test]
    fn second_observation_keeps_contradicted_state_when_no_new_told_by() {
        // After a contradiction is detected, subsequent DirectObservation
        // does NOT clear the Contradicted state (D-083: "unresolved").
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let target = StableId(7);
        let informant = StableId(8);

        // Set up ToldBy knowledge
        g.entities.insert(
            target,
            EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: Some(make_position(3, 3)),
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 10,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::ToldBy {
                    source_id: informant,
                    tick: 10,
                },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Known,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            },
        );

        // First observation: contradiction detected
        let claim = g.observe_entity(target, make_position(9, 3), 200);
        assert!(claim.is_some(), "contradiction should fire");
        assert_eq!(
            g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap().state,
            KnowledgeState::Contradicted
        );

        // Second observation (now source is DirectObservation, different position):
        // state must stay Contradicted — contradiction is still unresolved.
        let claim2 = g.observe_entity(target, make_position(11, 3), 300);
        assert!(claim2.is_none(), "no new contradiction: DirectObservation source");
        assert_eq!(
            g.entity_knowledge(&target).unwrap().state,
            KnowledgeState::Contradicted,
            "Contradicted state must persist until explicitly resolved"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn multiple_entities_only_told_by_one_contradicts() {
        // Edge case: observer knows two entities.
        // Entity A has ToldBy source, Entity B has DirectObservation.
        // Only Entity A should produce a contradiction.
        let mut g = KnowledgeGraph::new();
        let entity_a = StableId(10);
        let entity_b = StableId(20);
        let informant = StableId(99);

        // Entity A: ToldBy with position
        g.entities.insert(
            entity_a,
            EntityKnowledge {
                last_known_position: Some(make_position(1, 1)),
                last_observed_tick: 0,
                last_updated_tick: 100,
                confidence: KnowledgeConfidence::KnowsOf,
                source: KnowledgeSource::ToldBy {
                    source_id: informant,
                    tick: 100,
                },
                state: KnowledgeState::Active,
                relationship: RelationshipState::Known,
                known_attributes: BTreeMap::new(),
                contradicted_claim: None,
            },
        );

        // Entity B: DirectObservation (no informant to lie)
        g.observe_entity(entity_b, make_position(5, 5), 100);

        // Observe both at different positions at tick 200
        let a_result = g.observe_entity(entity_a, make_position(8, 1), 200);
        let b_result = g.observe_entity(entity_b, make_position(9, 5), 200);

        assert!(a_result.is_some(), "Entity A (ToldBy source) should contradict");
        assert!(b_result.is_none(), "Entity B (DirectObservation) should not contradict");
        assert_eq!(
            g.entity_knowledge(&entity_a).unwrap().state,
            KnowledgeState::Contradicted
        );
        assert_eq!(
            g.entity_knowledge(&entity_b).unwrap().state,
            KnowledgeState::Active
        );
    }
}