diff --git a/client/tests/test_step_canvas_legend.gd b/client/tests/test_step_canvas_legend.gd
index a8d73fd64..ed29f208d 100644
--- a/client/tests/test_step_canvas_legend.gd
+++ b/client/tests/test_step_canvas_legend.gd
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ class_name TestStepCanvasLegend
 extends GdUnitTestSuite
 
 const LegendScript := preload("res://ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_legend.gd")
+const StepCanvasTransport := preload("res://ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_transport.gd")
 
 
 func test_legend_starts_hidden_before_refresh() -> void:
@@ -68,3 +69,14 @@ func test_reposition_sets_a_fixed_panel_margin_position() -> void:
 	auto_free(legend)
 	legend.reposition()
 	assert_that(legend.position).is_equal(Vector2(LegendScript.PANEL_MARGIN, 60.0))
+
+
+## T-1192: StepCanvasTransport.LEGEND_COLUMN_PX (the Global fit-scale
+## reservation StepCanvasViewer applies) must stay derived from this SAME
+## panel's own width/margin — a drift here would silently reopen the
+## "legend overlaps the canvas" defect on one side while the OTHER side
+## thinks it already reserved enough room.
+func test_reserved_column_px_matches_the_transport_sides_own_constant() -> void:
+	assert_float(LegendScript.RESERVED_COLUMN_PX).is_equal_approx(
+		StepCanvasTransport.LEGEND_COLUMN_PX, 0.01
+	)
diff --git a/client/tests/test_step_canvas_transport.gd b/client/tests/test_step_canvas_transport.gd
index 53858bf46..2b3905ba2 100644
--- a/client/tests/test_step_canvas_transport.gd
+++ b/client/tests/test_step_canvas_transport.gd
@@ -188,3 +188,174 @@ func test_canvas_footprint_px_is_extent_times_display_ratio() -> void:
 func test_half_extent_m_is_half_the_cell_count_times_spacing() -> void:
 	var half: float = StepCanvasTransport.half_extent_m("District", 64)
 	assert_float(half).is_equal_approx(64.0 * 0.5 * 2048.0, 0.01)
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# T-1189: extent cap to the body's own region grid — the sideways-repeat /
+# pole-smear fix. The Global echo IS the cap (its canvas already equals the
+# body's region grid, D-255(a): "the Global canvas IS the whole body at
+# region spacing"), so no unit conversion is needed — Region shares Global's
+# gridunit spacing exactly.
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+func test_cap_extent_to_body_clamps_region_to_the_global_echo() -> void:
+	# T-1183 eyeball: 384x216 requested at Region on GJ1c, whose Global echo
+	# is 177x88 — the requested extent overruns the body on both axes.
+	var capped: Vector2i = StepCanvasTransport.cap_extent_to_body(
+		Vector2i(384, 216), "Region", Vector2i(177, 88)
+	)
+	assert_that(capped).is_equal(Vector2i(177, 88))
+
+
+func test_cap_extent_to_body_is_a_no_op_when_already_inside_the_grid() -> void:
+	var capped: Vector2i = StepCanvasTransport.cap_extent_to_body(
+		Vector2i(100, 40), "Region", Vector2i(177, 88)
+	)
+	assert_that(capped).is_equal(Vector2i(100, 40))
+
+
+## Shape-generic per the ticket: the guard compares SPACING, not rung name,
+## so it caps ANY rung sharing Global's spacing, not just a hardcoded
+## "Region" check. District's spacing (2048 m) differs from Global's
+## (204,800 m), so it must NEVER be capped by the body-grid cell count —
+## capping cell counts across mismatched spacings would be a unit error.
+func test_cap_extent_to_body_leaves_finer_rungs_uncapped() -> void:
+	var capped: Vector2i = StepCanvasTransport.cap_extent_to_body(
+		Vector2i(3000, 3000), "District", Vector2i(177, 88)
+	)
+	assert_that(capped).is_equal(Vector2i(3000, 3000))
+
+
+## Cold-start fallback (T-1189, StepCanvasViewer's own documented choice):
+## before any Global response has arrived, `_global_body_extent` is ZERO —
+## cap_extent_to_body() must leave the request UNCAPPED on a non-positive
+## axis (server clamps independently) rather than clamping to zero cells.
+func test_cap_extent_to_body_uncapped_when_global_echo_not_yet_available() -> void:
+	var capped: Vector2i = StepCanvasTransport.cap_extent_to_body(
+		Vector2i(384, 216), "Region", Vector2i.ZERO
+	)
+	assert_that(capped).is_equal(Vector2i(384, 216))
+
+
+## A mixed case: one axis of the Global echo has arrived-and-is-real, the
+## other is still ZERO (shouldn't happen in practice since both arrive
+## together, but the function must handle each axis independently rather
+## than assuming both-or-neither).
+func test_cap_extent_to_body_caps_only_the_positive_echo_axis() -> void:
+	var capped: Vector2i = StepCanvasTransport.cap_extent_to_body(
+		Vector2i(384, 216), "Region", Vector2i(177, 0)
+	)
+	assert_that(capped).is_equal(Vector2i(177, 216))
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# T-1189/T-1192: shared letterbox/centering mechanism
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+func test_center_offset_centers_a_smaller_canvas_in_a_larger_viewport() -> void:
+	var offset: Vector2 = StepCanvasTransport.center_offset(
+		Vector2(800.0, 400.0), Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	)
+	assert_that(offset).is_equal(Vector2((1920.0 - 800.0) * 0.5, (1080.0 - 400.0) * 0.5))
+
+
+func test_center_offset_is_zero_when_canvas_exactly_fills_the_viewport() -> void:
+	var offset: Vector2 = StepCanvasTransport.center_offset(
+		Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0), Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	)
+	assert_that(offset).is_equal(Vector2.ZERO)
+
+
+func test_center_offset_goes_negative_when_the_canvas_overflows_the_viewport() -> void:
+	# A canvas bigger than the viewport on an axis crops rather than shrinks
+	# (matches every fixed rung's own "canvas can exceed the viewport"
+	# precedent) — a negative offset on that axis is the correct, honest
+	# result, not clamped to zero.
+	var offset: Vector2 = StepCanvasTransport.center_offset(
+		Vector2(2000.0, 400.0), Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	)
+	assert_float(offset.x).is_less(0.0)
+	assert_float(offset.y).is_greater(0.0)
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# T-1192: Global integer-fit scale — D-255 texel-exactness
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+func test_integer_fit_scale_picks_the_largest_multiple_that_fits_both_axes() -> void:
+	# GJ1c reference case: 177x88 texels at the 5x5 shallow display ratio =
+	# 885x440 px footprint, fit against a full 1920x1080 viewport.
+	var scale: int = StepCanvasTransport.integer_fit_scale(
+		Vector2(885.0, 440.0), Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	)
+	assert_int(scale).is_equal(2)
+
+
+func test_integer_fit_scale_is_bounded_by_the_tighter_axis() -> void:
+	# Wide-but-short viewport: x could fit 4x, y only fits 1x — the smaller
+	# wins (never overflow either axis).
+	var scale: int = StepCanvasTransport.integer_fit_scale(
+		Vector2(100.0, 100.0), Vector2(1000.0, 150.0)
+	)
+	assert_int(scale).is_equal(1)
+
+
+func test_integer_fit_scale_never_drops_below_one() -> void:
+	# A canvas larger than the viewport still gets scale 1 (draw at native
+	# size and let it exceed/crop), never a shrink below native.
+	var scale: int = StepCanvasTransport.integer_fit_scale(
+		Vector2(3000.0, 3000.0), Vector2(800.0, 600.0)
+	)
+	assert_int(scale).is_equal(1)
+
+
+func test_integer_fit_scale_handles_a_zero_canvas_axis_without_dividing_by_zero() -> void:
+	var scale: int = StepCanvasTransport.integer_fit_scale(Vector2.ZERO, Vector2(800.0, 600.0))
+	assert_int(scale).is_equal(1)
+
+
+func test_fit_scale_matches_the_integer_fit_when_coverage_is_high() -> void:
+	# The GJ1c full-viewport case: integer 2x covers well over the
+	# FIT_MIN_COVERAGE_RATIO bar, so fit_scale() must agree with
+	# integer_fit_scale() exactly (no fractional fallback).
+	var scale: float = StepCanvasTransport.fit_scale(
+		Vector2(885.0, 440.0), Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	)
+	assert_float(scale).is_equal_approx(2.0, 0.001)
+
+
+## The GJ1c reference case AFTER the legend column is reserved (T-1192):
+## available area shrinks to 1628x1080, so the 2x integer candidate (1770 px
+## wide) no longer fits — integer_fit_scale() drops to 1x, which only covers
+## ~41% of the tighter available axis, well under FIT_MIN_COVERAGE_RATIO —
+## fit_scale() must fall back to the non-integer uniform fit that fills the
+## tighter (x) axis exactly, not settle for the sparse 1x frame.
+func test_fit_scale_falls_back_to_fractional_fit_on_excessive_letterboxing() -> void:
+	var scale: float = StepCanvasTransport.fit_scale(
+		Vector2(885.0, 440.0), Vector2(1628.0, 1080.0)
+	)
+	assert_float(scale).is_greater(1.0)
+	assert_float(scale).is_less(2.0)
+	# The fractional fit fills the tighter (x) axis exactly.
+	assert_float(885.0 * scale).is_equal_approx(1628.0, 0.01)
+
+
+func test_fit_scale_handles_a_zero_canvas_axis_without_dividing_by_zero() -> void:
+	var scale: float = StepCanvasTransport.fit_scale(Vector2.ZERO, Vector2(800.0, 600.0))
+	assert_float(scale).is_equal_approx(1.0, 0.001)
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# T-1192: shared legend-column reservation constant
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+func test_legend_column_px_is_positive_and_matches_the_legend_panels_own_sizing() -> void:
+	# Pinned against step_canvas_legend.gd's own RESERVED_COLUMN_PX (260 +
+	# 16*2 = 292) — the two constants must never drift apart, since the
+	# "beside, never over" guarantee depends on both sides agreeing on the
+	# SAME reserved width.
+	assert_float(StepCanvasTransport.LEGEND_COLUMN_PX).is_equal_approx(292.0, 0.01)
diff --git a/client/tests/test_step_canvas_viewer.gd b/client/tests/test_step_canvas_viewer.gd
index 4cb6d9b40..b9be56e69 100644
--- a/client/tests/test_step_canvas_viewer.gd
+++ b/client/tests/test_step_canvas_viewer.gd
@@ -10,6 +10,12 @@ extends GdUnitTestSuite
 
 const StepCanvasTransport := preload("res://ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_transport.gd")
 
+## GJ1c's own region-grid shape from the T-1183 eyeball (177x88) — reused
+## across the T-1189/T-1192 section below so every test is grounded in the
+## actual regression captured in
+## .cache/screenshots/t1183-eyeball-run2/02-region.png.
+const GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT := Vector2i(177, 88)
+
 
 func test_enter_lands_on_the_global_opener() -> void:
 	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
@@ -385,3 +391,264 @@ func test_disk_sweep_timeout_handler_runs_background_sweep_for_the_current_body(
 	# consistent, mirroring the enter()-sweep smoke test above.
 	v._on_disk_sweep_timeout()
 	assert_int(v.get_request().get_disk_cache().entry_count("T1183_sweep_smoke_test_body")).is_equal(0)
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# T-1189: extent cap wired end-to-end (viewer -> transport), plus the
+# cache-key consistency the ticket calls out explicitly ("capping happens
+# BEFORE the request is issued so keys stay consistent"). No live server —
+# a Global canvas is landed via the SAME Tier-1 cache-hit path
+# StepCanvasRequest's own tests use (get_cache().put() + request_now()'s
+# synchronous cache-hit emit), so the full _on_canvas_ready wiring runs for
+# real rather than being shortcut.
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+## Land a Global canvas of the given size into the viewer's OWN cache (Tier
+## 1), then fire the request that the real cache-hit path serves
+## synchronously — same mechanism test_step_canvas_request.gd's own
+## cache-hit tests use, now driven through the viewer so _on_canvas_ready()
+## and _global_body_extent actually populate through the real signal wiring.
+static func _land_global_canvas(v: StepCanvasViewer, width: int, height: int) -> void:
+	var req: Variant = v.get_request()
+	req.get_cache().put(
+		v.get_body_id(),
+		"Global",
+		Vector2i.ZERO,
+		Vector2i.ZERO,
+		TestStepCanvasViewer._synthetic_canvas(width, height)
+	)
+	v._fire_request()  # Global's own request — served from the cache hit just landed
+
+
+func test_global_canvas_arrival_populates_the_body_extent_cap_source() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+
+	assert_that(v._global_body_extent).is_equal(GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT)
+
+
+## The T-1183 eyeball regression itself: once the Global echo has landed,
+## scrolling to Region and firing its request must produce a CAPPED extent
+## — never the raw viewport-fit 384x216 that overran the body on both axes.
+func test_region_request_extent_is_capped_to_the_landed_global_extent() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)  # the T-1183 eyeball's own viewport
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+
+	v._scroll_rung(1, Vector2(960.0, 540.0))  # descend to Region — fires the capped request
+	var extent: Vector2i = v._request_extent()
+
+	assert_int(extent.x).override_failure_message(
+		"Region's requested extent must never exceed the body's own region-grid width"
+	).is_less_equal(GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x)
+	assert_int(extent.y).override_failure_message(
+		"Region's requested extent must never exceed the body's own region-grid height"
+	).is_less_equal(GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+	assert_that(extent).is_equal(GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT)  # 1920x1080 viewport-fit exceeds 177x88 on both axes
+
+
+## Cold-start fallback (documented on StepCanvasViewer._request_extent()):
+## before ANY Global response has landed, `_global_body_extent` is still
+## ZERO — the Region request must go out UNCAPPED (server clamps
+## independently) rather than silently collapsing to a zero-cell request.
+func test_region_request_extent_is_uncapped_before_the_global_echo_lands() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	# No _land_global_canvas() call — simulates scrolling in before the
+	# FIRST (Global) request's response has arrived.
+
+	v._scroll_rung(1, Vector2(960.0, 540.0))
+	var extent: Vector2i = v._request_extent()
+
+	var uncapped: Vector2i = StepCanvasTransport.viewport_fit_extent(v.size, "Region")
+	assert_that(extent).override_failure_message(
+		"before the Global echo lands, the Region request must be the ordinary"
+		+ " uncapped viewport-fit extent, not silently zeroed"
+	).is_equal(uncapped)
+
+
+## Cache-key discipline (T-1182/T-1183, ticket's own explicit call-out): the
+## cap must be applied BEFORE _fire_request() builds the request, so the
+## extent that becomes part of the cache key is the SAME capped value that
+## gets served — a request for "the same spot" must always resolve to the
+## same key, capped or not, never a key built from one extent and served
+## under another.
+func test_capped_extent_matches_what_the_request_actually_sends() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+	v._scroll_rung(1, Vector2(960.0, 540.0))  # Region — fires _fire_request() internally
+
+	# _request_extent() is the SAME function _fire_request() calls to build
+	# the outbound request/cache key — calling it again here must be
+	# idempotent and match what was actually requested (no separate,
+	# divergent cap path).
+	var extent_now: Vector2i = v._request_extent()
+	assert_that(extent_now).is_equal(GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT)
+
+	# The Tier-1 cache key StepCanvasCache builds from this SAME extent must
+	# be a real, findable key once a response for it lands — proving the
+	# capped extent (not the raw viewport-fit one) is what keys the cache.
+	var req: Variant = v.get_request()
+	var center: Vector2i = StepCanvasTransport.snap_to_gridunit(v._world_center, "Region")
+	var canvas := TestStepCanvasViewer._synthetic_canvas(GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+	req.get_cache().put("T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "Region", center, extent_now, canvas)
+	assert_bool(
+		req.get_cache().has("T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "Region", center, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT, 0)
+	).override_failure_message(
+		"a cache entry stored under the CAPPED extent must be reachable"
+		+ " under that same capped extent — key consistency"
+	).is_true()
+
+
+## Shape-generic guard: District's spacing differs from Global's, so its
+## request extent must be completely unaffected by a landed Global canvas —
+## proving the cap is spacing-keyed, not applied indiscriminately to every
+## rung once a Global extent is known.
+func test_district_request_extent_is_never_capped_by_the_global_extent() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+
+	v._scroll_rung(1, Vector2(960.0, 540.0))  # Region
+	v._scroll_rung(1, Vector2(960.0, 540.0))  # District
+	var extent: Vector2i = v._request_extent()
+
+	var uncapped: Vector2i = StepCanvasTransport.viewport_fit_extent(v.size, "District")
+	assert_that(extent).is_equal(uncapped)
+
+
+# =============================================================================
+# T-1189/T-1192: shared letterbox mechanism — centering + Global fit scale.
+# =============================================================================
+
+
+## T-1192's own headline defect: the Global canvas must no longer draw
+## top-left-anchored at Vector2.ZERO — once a canvas lands, the viewer must
+## have computed a non-zero centering offset (unless the canvas happens to
+## exactly fill the viewport, not the case here).
+func test_global_canvas_arrival_centers_the_view_not_top_left() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+
+	assert_that(v._view_offset).override_failure_message(
+		"a landed Global canvas smaller than the viewport must be CENTERED,"
+		+ " never left at the raw top-left Vector2.ZERO anchor"
+	).is_not_equal(Vector2.ZERO)
+
+
+## D-255 texel-exactness (T-1192): at a large (4K-class) viewport, GJ1c's
+## 885x440 raw footprint (177x88 texels x 5x5 shallow display ratio) clears
+## the coverage bar even AFTER the legend column is reserved, so the
+## INTEGER fit wins outright — verified end-to-end through the real viewer
+## wiring, not just the pure transport function this mirrors. (The T-1183
+## reference 1920x1080 viewport is deliberately NOT used here — at that
+## size the legend-column reservation starves the integer candidate below
+## the coverage bar and the fractional escape hatch fires instead, covered
+## separately by test_global_canvas_uses_fractional_fit_when_legend_column_
+## starves_the_integer_fit() below.)
+func test_global_canvas_scale_is_an_integer_multiple_of_the_raw_footprint() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(3840.0, 2160.0)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+
+	assert_that(v._canvas.scale).is_equal(Vector2(v._canvas_scale, v._canvas_scale))
+	assert_float(v._canvas_scale).override_failure_message(
+		"the Global fit scale must be a whole number of texture pixels"
+		+ " when it clears the coverage bar (D-255 texel-exactness)"
+	).is_equal_approx(roundf(v._canvas_scale), 0.001)
+
+
+## Fixed rungs must NEVER receive the Global fit multiplier — `_canvas.scale`
+## stays 1.0 once the player has descended past Global, even though a
+## Global canvas was landed earlier in the same session.
+func test_fixed_rung_canvas_scale_stays_one_after_descending_from_global() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+	v._scroll_rung(1, Vector2(960.0, 540.0))  # Region
+	v._terrain_layer.rebuild_from_canvas(
+		TestStepCanvasViewer._synthetic_canvas(200, 100), v.get_held_rung(), ""
+	)
+	v._recompute_canvas_transform()
+
+	assert_float(v._canvas_scale).is_equal_approx(1.0, 0.001)
+	assert_that(v._canvas.scale).is_equal(Vector2.ONE)
+
+
+## Legend non-overlap (T-1192: "lay the legend out beside the canvas... never
+## over it"): the legend panel sits at a fixed left-column position
+## (PANEL_MARGIN, ...) with a known width — once a Global canvas is landed
+## and centered, its drawn rect's LEFT edge must be at or past the legend's
+## own right edge, never underneath it.
+func test_global_canvas_left_edge_never_overlaps_the_legend_column() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+
+	var canvas_left_edge: float = v._view_offset.x
+	assert_float(canvas_left_edge).override_failure_message(
+		"the Global canvas's drawn left edge must be at or past the reserved"
+		+ " legend column — the legend must never be covered by the map"
+	).is_greater_equal(StepCanvasTransport.LEGEND_COLUMN_PX - 0.01)
+
+
+## Resize must re-fit/re-center a HELD canvas, not just a freshly-arriving
+## one — _notification(NOTIFICATION_RESIZED) wires _recompute_canvas_transform()
+## for exactly this case.
+func test_resize_recenters_an_already_held_global_canvas() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+	var offset_before: Vector2 = v._view_offset
+
+	v.size = Vector2(1280.0, 720.0)
+	v._notification(Control.NOTIFICATION_RESIZED)
+
+	assert_that(v._view_offset).override_failure_message(
+		"a resize must re-center the held canvas for the NEW viewport size"
+	).is_not_equal(offset_before)
+
+
+## Small-canvas fallback (D-255's own escape hatch): once the legend column
+## eats enough of the available width that the integer fit falls under
+## FIT_MIN_COVERAGE_RATIO, the viewer must fall back to the fractional fit
+## rather than settling for a sparse integer frame — end-to-end through the
+## real viewer, mirroring test_fit_scale_falls_back_to_fractional_fit_on_
+## excessive_letterboxing in test_step_canvas_transport.gd.
+func test_global_canvas_uses_fractional_fit_when_legend_column_starves_the_integer_fit() -> void:
+	var v: StepCanvasViewer = auto_free(StepCanvasViewer.new())
+	add_child(v)
+	v.size = Vector2(1920.0, 1080.0)
+	v.enter({"body_id": "T1189_extent_letterbox_test_body", "body_radius_km": 6371.0}, {})
+	TestStepCanvasViewer._land_global_canvas(v, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.x, GJ1C_GLOBAL_EXTENT.y)
+
+	# GJ1c at 1920x1080 with the legend column reserved: 2x no longer fits
+	# (1770 > 1628 available), 1x covers only ~41% of the tighter axis — well
+	# under the 75% coverage bar, so a non-integer fit must have been chosen.
+	assert_float(v._canvas_scale).override_failure_message(
+		"the reserved legend column must starve the 2x integer candidate at"
+		+ " this reference viewport, forcing the fractional fit"
+	).is_greater(1.0)
diff --git a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_annotation_layer.gd b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_annotation_layer.gd
index 8a936c3ee..780d70f0d 100644
--- a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_annotation_layer.gd
+++ b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_annotation_layer.gd
@@ -6,11 +6,19 @@ extends Node2D
 ## positions world->screen transformed per-frame via a plain linear map
 ## (StepCanvasTransport.world_m_to_canvas_local()). This is the layer that
 ## makes `_zs()`/`_zs_stroke()`/`_zs_ring_radius()` structurally
-## unnecessary: because this Node2D is NEVER scaled (no `.scale` write
-## anywhere in this file, unlike the retired `_canvas.scale` model), a
-## constant like COURSE_WIDTH_PX below already IS the on-screen width with
-## no compensating division — "by construction, not by discipline" per
-## Stig's round-1 design doc.
+## unnecessary: this Node2D itself is NEVER scaled (no `.scale` write
+## anywhere in THIS file), so a constant like COURSE_WIDTH_PX below already
+## IS the width in ITS OWN local space with no compensating division — "by
+## construction, not by discipline" per Stig's round-1 design doc.
+##
+## T-1192 note: the OWNING `_canvas` Node2D (StepCanvasViewer) carries the
+## Global integer-fit multiplier as ITS OWN `.scale` (1.0 for every other
+## rung) — this layer, as a child, inherits it like the terrain layer does,
+## so a marker drawn here lands on the correct enlarged-canvas position AND
+## reads visually bigger in step with the enlarged terrain pixels (the
+## correct "2x zoom, 2x dot" map read), not a mismatch. Set once per canvas
+## adoption by the owner (never per-frame here), so it stays the single
+## sanctioned display-time scale, not a second one to reconcile against.
 ##
 ## Data source: the SAME decoded StepCanvasResponse `canvas` Dictionary the
 ## terrain layer reads (`courses`/`cliffs`/`settlement_id` — sparse
diff --git a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_legend.gd b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_legend.gd
index 339199aa0..66ad4e0ba 100644
--- a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_legend.gd
+++ b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_legend.gd
@@ -15,6 +15,12 @@ extends ImplantPanel
 const PANEL_MARGIN: float = 16.0
 const LEGEND_PANEL_WIDTH: float = 260.0
 
+## T-1192: must stay derivable from PANEL_MARGIN/LEGEND_PANEL_WIDTH above —
+## StepCanvasTransport.LEGEND_COLUMN_PX mirrors this exact sum so the
+## Global-rung fit-scale computation reserves precisely this much column,
+## never more or less than what the legend actually occupies.
+const RESERVED_COLUMN_PX: float = LEGEND_PANEL_WIDTH + PANEL_MARGIN * 2.0
+
 const AtlasOverlayColors := preload("res://ui/implant/apps/atlas/atlas_overlay_colors.gd")
 const StepCanvasTransport := preload("res://ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_transport.gd")
 
diff --git a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_terrain_layer.gd b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_terrain_layer.gd
index 937a91091..4014c1910 100644
--- a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_terrain_layer.gd
+++ b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_terrain_layer.gd
@@ -36,6 +36,15 @@ extends Node2D
 ## already present in the texture — this is presentation resampling of a
 ## closed input set, not invention of a new one, matching D-255(e)'s own
 ## "texture-to-viewport resize" exemption.
+##
+## **T-1192 outer fit scale:** the owning `_canvas` Node2D
+## (StepCanvasViewer._recompute_canvas_transform()) may additionally carry
+## its OWN `.scale` — the Global-rung integer-fit multiplier, always 1.0 for
+## every fixed rung — applied on top of this node's own texel-exact
+## `_footprint_px` draw. That is a SECOND texture-to-viewport resize, same
+## D-255(e) exemption, kept as a parent-transform multiply rather than a
+## second internal scale field so this node's own footprint math never has
+## to know it exists.
 
 const StepCanvasColorize := preload("res://ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_colorize.gd")
 const StepCanvasTransport := preload("res://ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_transport.gd")
diff --git a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_transport.gd b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_transport.gd
index 1e8b21403..ae9b44aaf 100644
--- a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_transport.gd
+++ b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_transport.gd
@@ -85,6 +85,27 @@ const DISPLAY_RATIO_BY_RUNG: Dictionary = {
 ## server-side, per step_canvas_protocol.gd's own doc).
 const FIXED_CANVAS_MAX_AXIS: int = 3_840
 
+## T-1192: the on-screen column width reserved for the Atlas legend panel —
+## mirrors step_canvas_legend.gd's own LEGEND_PANEL_WIDTH + PANEL_MARGIN*2
+## (panel width plus a margin on each side). Shared here (not duplicated as
+## a raw literal in step_canvas_viewer.gd) so the Global integer-fit
+## computation and the legend's own sizing can never silently drift apart —
+## "legend beside, never over" only holds if both sides agree on the SAME
+## reserved width.
+const LEGEND_COLUMN_PX: float = 260.0 + 16.0 * 2.0
+
+## Below this fraction of the viewport's SMALLER axis covered, an integer
+## fit "leaves excessive letterboxing" (D-255's own phrase) and the
+## non-integer escape hatch fires instead. 0.75: the integer candidate must
+## already cover at least three-quarters of the tighter axis to win outright
+## — anything looser and the NEXT integer step down/up is visibly a better
+## use of the frame. Tuned against the GJ1c reference case at 1920x1080
+## (integer 1x candidate covers ~41% of the tighter available axis after the
+## legend-column reservation — well under this bar, so the fractional fit
+## wins there, matching D-255's own "if that leaves excessive letterboxing
+## on small canvases" framing). See fit_scale() below for the decision.
+const FIT_MIN_COVERAGE_RATIO: float = 0.75
+
 
 ## The rung name at ladder index `i`, clamped to the legal [0, 5] range —
 ## the one place RUNG_LADDER is indexed into, so a caller passing an
@@ -188,6 +209,62 @@ static func canvas_footprint_px(rung: String, extent_cells: Vector2i) -> Vector2
 	return Vector2(extent_cells) * ratio
 
 
+## Shared letterbox/centering mechanism (T-1189 + T-1192, one geometry both
+## the Region-rung body-cap remainder AND the Global-rung raw-scale-fill
+## defect resolve through — the tickets interact at exactly this seam,
+## Jeroen's own instruction: "build ONE letterbox/centering mechanism both
+## use, not two"). Given a canvas footprint (px, already at whatever scale
+## the caller wants drawn) and the viewport to center it in, returns the
+## `Vector2` top-left offset that centers it — the remainder splits evenly
+## on both sides (a true letterbox, not edge-anchored). A canvas at or larger
+## than the viewport on an axis gets a zero/negative offset on that axis (no
+## letterbox needed there — it already fills or overflows, matching ordinary
+## pan-and-crop behavior on that axis rather than shrinking the canvas).
+static func center_offset(footprint_px: Vector2, viewport_px: Vector2) -> Vector2:
+	return (viewport_px - footprint_px) * 0.5
+
+
+## D-255 texel-exactness for the Global opener (T-1192): the largest INTEGER
+## scale multiple of `canvas_px` that still fits inside `viewport_px` on
+## BOTH axes, floored at 1 (never downscale below native size — a canvas
+## larger than the viewport draws at 1x and simply doesn't fit, matching
+## every fixed rung's own "canvas can exceed the viewport" precedent rather
+## than introducing a NEW sub-1x shrink path here). Callers needing the
+## "non-integer fit acceptable on small canvases" escape hatch (D-255's own
+## exception, nearest-neighbor only) compute their own fractional scale and
+## skip this function — it only ever returns integers by design, so it
+## can't accidentally hand back a blurry non-integer multiple.
+static func integer_fit_scale(canvas_px: Vector2, viewport_px: Vector2) -> int:
+	if canvas_px.x <= 0.0 or canvas_px.y <= 0.0:
+		return 1
+	var max_x: int = int(floor(viewport_px.x / canvas_px.x))
+	var max_y: int = int(floor(viewport_px.y / canvas_px.y))
+	return maxi(1, mini(max_x, max_y))
+
+
+## The actual scale to draw the Global canvas at (T-1192): the integer fit
+## if it covers at least FIT_MIN_COVERAGE_RATIO of the viewport's tighter
+## axis, otherwise a UNIFORM fractional fit (same scale both axes, so the
+## canvas is never stretched non-uniformly) that fills the tighter axis
+## exactly. The fractional branch is legal ONLY under D-255's own
+## nearest-neighbor condition — StepCanvasTerrainLayer._filter_for_rung()
+## already forces NEAREST for every orbital rung (Global included)
+## unconditionally, so this function never has to check or set the filter
+## itself; it only chooses the number.
+static func fit_scale(canvas_px: Vector2, viewport_px: Vector2) -> float:
+	if canvas_px.x <= 0.0 or canvas_px.y <= 0.0:
+		return 1.0
+	var int_scale: int = integer_fit_scale(canvas_px, viewport_px)
+	var covered: Vector2 = canvas_px * float(int_scale)
+	var coverage_x: float = covered.x / maxf(viewport_px.x, 0.0001)
+	var coverage_y: float = covered.y / maxf(viewport_px.y, 0.0001)
+	if minf(coverage_x, coverage_y) >= FIT_MIN_COVERAGE_RATIO:
+		return float(int_scale)
+	var frac_x: float = viewport_px.x / canvas_px.x
+	var frac_y: float = viewport_px.y / canvas_px.y
+	return maxf(minf(frac_x, frac_y), 0.0001)
+
+
 ## Fit a fixed-rung request's extent (in gridunits) to the viewport, capped
 ## at FIXED_CANVAS_MAX_AXIS per axis (D-255(a)/(b)'s own budget) and at the
 ## rung's own display ratio — this is the CLIENT's half of "viewport-sized
@@ -206,6 +283,39 @@ static func viewport_fit_extent(viewport_px: Vector2, rung: String) -> Vector2i:
 	return Vector2i(w, h)
 
 
+## Cap a fixed-rung request extent to the body's own region grid (T-1189):
+## `derive_orbital_at_metres` wraps longitude/clamps latitude server-side, so
+## a viewport-fit extent wider or taller than the body's grid makes a rung
+## that SHARES Global's gridunit spacing (currently Region only, matched by
+## SPACING not by name — see below) request more of the body than exists,
+## producing the visible "continent repeats sideways / rows smear past the
+## pole" defect (T-1183 eyeball, GJ1c). `global_extent` is the Global rung's
+## own echoed canvas size — `StepCanvasRung::global_cell_counts()` server-side
+## IS the body's region grid (cols = regions_per_equator(R), rows = cols/2),
+## so it is exactly the cap: no unit conversion needed since Region's
+## gridunit spacing equals Global's (both RUNG_SPACING_M[RUNG_GLOBAL]).
+##
+## Shape-generic per the ticket's own instruction: this caps ANY rung whose
+## spacing matches Global's (a spacing comparison, not `rung ==
+## RUNG_REGION`), so a future rung sharing that spacing is covered for free.
+## Every other rung's spacing is strictly finer than Global's, so its
+## viewport-fit canvas physically cannot cover more than one region's worth
+## of ground per axis at any real viewport size — the guard is a no-op for
+## them by construction, not by an explicit exclusion list. A non-positive
+## `global_extent` axis (the Global echo genuinely hasn't arrived yet — see
+## StepCanvasViewer's own cold-start fallback doc) leaves that axis
+## uncapped, matching the ticket's "request uncapped and let the server
+## clamp" fallback choice.
+static func cap_extent_to_body(
+	extent: Vector2i, rung: String, global_extent: Vector2i
+) -> Vector2i:
+	if not is_equal_approx(spacing_for_rung(rung), spacing_for_rung(RUNG_GLOBAL)):
+		return extent
+	var w: int = extent.x if global_extent.x <= 0 else mini(extent.x, global_extent.x)
+	var h: int = extent.y if global_extent.y <= 0 else mini(extent.y, global_extent.y)
+	return Vector2i(w, h)
+
+
 ## WASD + arrow keys, read via Input.is_key_pressed() on the PHYSICAL keycode
 ## (not an InputMap action) — same rationale the retired
 ## atlas_window_geometry.gd's own held_pan_direction() documented: this
diff --git a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_viewer.gd b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_viewer.gd
index 754f3b7e4..13f051e61 100644
--- a/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_viewer.gd
+++ b/client/ui/implant/apps/atlas/step_canvas/step_canvas_viewer.gd
@@ -16,8 +16,16 @@ extends Control
 ##   - StepCanvasAnnotationLayer (Node2D child of `_canvas`, drawn AFTER the
 ##     terrain layer): unscaled screen-space courses/settlement markers.
 ## Both layers live under ONE `_canvas` Node2D whose `.position` is the pan
-## offset ONLY — there is no `.scale` write anywhere in this file (the whole
-## point of the retirement: "there is no more zoom-scaled canvas").
+## offset PLUS the T-1189/T-1192 letterbox centering offset, and whose
+## `.scale` is the T-1192 Global integer-fit multiplier (1.0 for every other
+## rung). This is NOT the retired `_canvas.scale` zoom model: that scale
+## changed continuously, per input frame, and had to be compensated for at
+## every draw call (`_zs`/`_zs_stroke`/`_zs_ring_radius`). This scale is set
+## ONCE per canvas adoption (_on_canvas_ready()/resize), identically for both
+## child layers via ordinary Node2D transform inheritance, and is exactly
+## D-255(e)'s sanctioned "texture-to-viewport resize" — a fixed, closed-set
+## display-time scale, not a per-frame invented one. See
+## _recompute_canvas_transform() for the one place both fields are set.
 ##
 ## Stepped transport (D-255(a)): a discrete rung INDEX (0-5,
 ## StepCanvasTransport.RUNG_LADDER), never a float zoom. Mouse wheel scrolls
@@ -93,11 +101,32 @@ var _world_center: Vector2 = Vector2.ZERO
 var _held_rung: String = StepCanvasTransport.RUNG_GLOBAL
 var _held_extent: Vector2i = Vector2i.ZERO
 
-# ── Pan state (position only — NO scale/zoom field anywhere) ─────────────
+## T-1189: the body's own region grid (cols, rows), i.e. the LAST ADOPTED
+## Global canvas's own width/height — set only in _on_canvas_ready() when
+## `_held_rung == RUNG_GLOBAL` (see there). This is the cap source for
+## StepCanvasTransport.cap_extent_to_body(): distinct from `_held_extent`
+## (which is overwritten by whatever rung is CURRENTLY held, so it stops
+## meaning "the body's grid" the moment the player descends past Global).
+## ZERO until the first Global response actually arrives — see
+## _request_extent()'s own cold-start fallback doc for what happens then.
+var _global_body_extent: Vector2i = Vector2i.ZERO
+
+# ── Pan state ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 var _view_offset: Vector2 = Vector2.ZERO
 var _last_mouse_pos: Vector2 = Vector2(-1.0, -1.0)
 var _app_has_focus: bool = true
 
+## T-1192 Global fit scale — the ONE display-time scale this viewer ever
+## writes (see the class doc). Always 1.0 for a fixed rung (its canvas is
+## already texel-exact at its own display ratio; T-1189's letterbox only
+## adds centered margin, never an extra scale). For Global, an INTEGER
+## multiple when that covers most of the viewport (D-255 texel-exactness),
+## else a non-integer fractional fit on small canvases — see
+## StepCanvasTransport.fit_scale()'s own doc for the coverage rule; NEAREST
+## filtering (required for the non-integer case) is already unconditional
+## for every orbital rung via StepCanvasTerrainLayer._filter_for_rung().
+var _canvas_scale: float = 1.0
+
 # ── Overlay visibility ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 var _overlay_visibility: Dictionary = {}
 
@@ -173,6 +202,7 @@ func enter(body: Dictionary, system: Dictionary) -> void:
 	_world_center = Vector2.ZERO
 	_held_rung = StepCanvasTransport.RUNG_GLOBAL
 	_held_extent = Vector2i.ZERO
+	_global_body_extent = Vector2i.ZERO  # a new body has its own region grid
 	_view_offset = Vector2.ZERO
 	_request.reset()
 	_annotation_layer.clear_frame()
@@ -255,11 +285,28 @@ func _fire_request() -> void:
 	_request.request_now(get_body_id(), _held_rung, center, extent)
 
 
+## T-1189: cap the viewport-fit extent to the body's own region grid BEFORE
+## the request is issued, so the cache key (which includes extent) is
+## consistent with what actually gets served — never cap the echo
+## afterward. Cold-start fallback (documented on `_global_body_extent`
+## above): if no Global response has arrived yet for this body,
+## `_global_body_extent` is still ZERO and cap_extent_to_body() leaves the
+## request uncapped on the affected axis — chosen over "fetch Global first"
+## because the ladder is already strictly sequential (enter() always lands
+## on Global before any deeper rung is reachable, RegionalScreen/D-255(a)),
+## so the ONLY way to reach a Region request before the Global echo lands is
+## scrolling in fast while the FIRST request (already in flight) hasn't
+## returned — a real but narrow window, not the common case, and the
+## viewport-fit extent is already server-clamped independently (D-255(a)/(b):
+## "never trust the echo to equal the request"), so this fallback is honest,
+## not silently wrong — it just misses the ADDITIONAL client-side
+## sideways-repeat guard for that one request.
 func _request_extent() -> Vector2i:
 	var viewport: Vector2 = get_rect().size
 	if viewport == Vector2.ZERO:
 		viewport = Vector2(1280.0, 720.0)
-	return StepCanvasTransport.viewport_fit_extent(viewport, _held_rung)
+	var fit: Vector2i = StepCanvasTransport.viewport_fit_extent(viewport, _held_rung)
+	return StepCanvasTransport.cap_extent_to_body(fit, _held_rung, _global_body_extent)
 
 
 func _on_step_canvas_received(response: Dictionary) -> void:
@@ -272,14 +319,64 @@ func _on_step_canvas_received(response: Dictionary) -> void:
 ## hold-fetch-swap contract — Stig round-1 §2).
 func _on_canvas_ready(canvas: Dictionary) -> void:
 	_held_extent = _request.get_held_extent()
+	if _held_rung == StepCanvasTransport.RUNG_GLOBAL:
+		_global_body_extent = _held_extent
 	_rebuild_terrain_texture(canvas)
 	_annotation_layer.set_frame(canvas, _world_center, _held_rung, _held_extent)
+	_recompute_canvas_transform()
 	_refresh_screen_header()
 	if _legend_panel:
 		_legend_panel.refresh()
 	queue_redraw()
 
 
+## T-1189/T-1192 shared letterbox mechanism: recompute `_canvas.scale` (the
+## Global integer-fit multiplier, 1.0 elsewhere) and re-center `_view_offset`
+## on the FRESHLY adopted canvas's own footprint. Called once per canvas
+## adoption (_on_canvas_ready(), the only place a new texture size can
+## appear) and on viewport resize (the fit target itself changed) — never
+## per-frame, matching the class doc's "set once per canvas adoption" scale
+## discipline. Deliberately overwrites any in-progress pan: a fresh/resized
+## canvas re-centers, same as the retired top-left reset it replaces (every
+## `_view_offset = Vector2.ZERO` reset site below).
+##
+## Global reserves StepCanvasTransport.LEGEND_COLUMN_PX on the left before
+## fitting/centering (T-1192: "lay the legend out beside the canvas... never
+## over it") — the legend is always-visible chrome at every rung, but only
+## Global's canvas is small enough at typical viewports for the naive
+## full-viewport center to land it under the legend's fixed corner position
+## (a fixed rung's viewport-fit canvas already fills the available area by
+## construction, so its letterbox remainder is comparatively too small to
+## reach the legend column in practice). Fixed rungs center in the FULL
+## viewport, unchanged.
+func _recompute_canvas_transform() -> void:
+	if _terrain_layer == null:
+		return  # NOTIFICATION_RESIZED can fire mid-_ready(), before children exist
+	var raw_footprint: Vector2 = _terrain_layer.get_footprint_px()
+	if raw_footprint == Vector2.ZERO:
+		return
+	_canvas_scale = _letterbox_scale_for(raw_footprint)
+	_canvas.scale = Vector2(_canvas_scale, _canvas_scale)
+	_view_offset = _centered_view_offset()
+	_apply_transform()
+
+
+## The fit scale for a given raw (unscaled) footprint at the CURRENTLY held
+## rung — Global's fit_scale() reserving the legend column, 1.0 for every
+## fixed rung. Split out from _recompute_canvas_transform() so
+## _centered_view_offset() (the drift-check baseline) can share the exact
+## same scale decision without re-deriving it, keeping the two callers
+## structurally unable to disagree.
+func _letterbox_scale_for(raw_footprint: Vector2) -> float:
+	if _held_rung != StepCanvasTransport.RUNG_GLOBAL:
+		return 1.0
+	var viewport: Vector2 = get_rect().size
+	var available: Vector2 = Vector2(
+		maxf(viewport.x - StepCanvasTransport.LEGEND_COLUMN_PX, 1.0), viewport.y
+	)
+	return StepCanvasTransport.fit_scale(raw_footprint, available)
+
+
 func _rebuild_terrain_texture(canvas: Variant = null) -> void:
 	var c: Variant = canvas if canvas != null else _terrain_layer._canvas_ref
 	if not c is Dictionary:
@@ -339,10 +436,37 @@ func _scroll_rung(direction: int, cursor_local: Vector2) -> void:
 
 
 ## True while at rung 0 but the view has drifted from the canonical
-## un-panned Global frame (world_center/view_offset both ZERO) — the
-## condition _scroll_rung()'s hard-reset gesture fires on.
+## un-panned Global frame — `world_center` ZERO (unchanged) AND
+## `view_offset` at its own CENTERED baseline (T-1189/T-1192: no longer the
+## literal ZERO top-left corner, now `_centered_view_offset()`'s letterbox
+## position) — the condition _scroll_rung()'s hard-reset gesture fires on.
 func _is_global_view_drifted() -> bool:
-	return _world_center != Vector2.ZERO or _view_offset != Vector2.ZERO
+	return _world_center != Vector2.ZERO or _view_offset != _centered_view_offset()
+
+
+## The letterbox-centered `_view_offset` for the CURRENTLY held canvas
+## footprint/scale — the "no pan drift" baseline _is_global_view_drifted()
+## compares against, what a hard reset restores, and what
+## _recompute_canvas_transform() itself applies on a fresh canvas arrival.
+## T-1192: Global centers within the viewport MINUS the reserved legend
+## column, then shifts right by that column so the canvas never sits under
+## the legend's own fixed corner position ("beside, never over"). Falls back
+## to ZERO before any canvas has arrived (matches
+## `_terrain_layer.get_footprint_px()` returning ZERO pre-arrival — there is
+## nothing to center yet).
+func _centered_view_offset() -> Vector2:
+	if _terrain_layer == null:
+		return Vector2.ZERO  # mirrors _recompute_canvas_transform()'s own pre-_ready() guard
+	var raw_footprint: Vector2 = _terrain_layer.get_footprint_px()
+	if raw_footprint == Vector2.ZERO:
+		return Vector2.ZERO
+	var is_global: bool = _held_rung == StepCanvasTransport.RUNG_GLOBAL
+	var reserved_left: float = StepCanvasTransport.LEGEND_COLUMN_PX if is_global else 0.0
+	var viewport: Vector2 = get_rect().size
+	var available: Vector2 = Vector2(maxf(viewport.x - reserved_left, 1.0), viewport.y)
+	var scale: float = _letterbox_scale_for(raw_footprint)
+	var scaled_footprint: Vector2 = raw_footprint * scale
+	return StepCanvasTransport.center_offset(scaled_footprint, available) + Vector2(reserved_left, 0.0)
 
 
 ## Hard reset to the Global opener (D-255(a): "a hard full-zoom-out reset to
@@ -353,7 +477,7 @@ func _reset_to_global() -> void:
 	_rung_index = 0
 	_held_rung = StepCanvasTransport.RUNG_GLOBAL
 	_world_center = Vector2.ZERO
-	_view_offset = Vector2.ZERO
+	_view_offset = _centered_view_offset()
 	_fire_request()
 	_refresh_screen_header()
 	queue_redraw()
@@ -485,6 +609,7 @@ func _notification(what: int) -> void:
 			_position_overlay_bar()
 		if _legend_panel:
 			_legend_panel.reposition()
+		_recompute_canvas_transform()
 	elif what == NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_FOCUS_OUT:
 		_app_has_focus = false
 	elif what == NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_FOCUS_IN: